This version has my notes and responses in plain text. banner includes a photo of IEEE headquarters in NY, since a lot of this information is controlled by it's members and governing structure.

POWER AND ENERGY (SMR Domain 2)

Candidates demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental scientific concepts of power and energy
and how these concepts apply to mechanical, fluid, thermal, and electrical systems. Candidates
understand the generation, transmission, storage, and control of power and energy and apply this
knowledge to design, maintain, and analyze a variety of power and energy technologies, including
transportation technologies.

0001 Processes (SMR 2.1)

a. Demonstrate an understanding of power generation processes (e.g., geothermal, nuclear,
solar, fossil fuel, fuel cell).
Geothermal energy from the earth's mantle can be utilized in the occurance of steam vents near the surface that can drive turbines, which in turn generate electricity. Another example of geothermal energy utilization is passive geothermal cooling. This process pumps warmed ambient air through a duct system that goes bellow the topsoil to a depth where the soli temperature is a constant temperature. The heat is transfered to the cool thermal mass and returns cooler air.
A fuel cell intakes hydrogen. A membrane allows only the nucleus of the hydrogen atoms to pass through, while the electrons travel around the membrane creating a current.
Fossil fuels are combusted to release power which is then captured most typically by a mechanical actuator.
b. Apply scientific principles of work, power, energy, and efficiency to analyze energy
transformations.
c. Demonstrate an understanding of processes for energy storage (e.g., dams, flywheels,
batteries).
battery is a container of chemicals that when reacting produce electrons. The electrons gather at the negative terminal of the battery. If positive and negative termnals are connected the electrons travel to the positive as fast as they can. This is very dangerous for large batteries. A load is placed in between the negative and positive terminals, such as a lightbulb or a motor. Only when the negative and positive terminals are connect does the chemical reaction produce electrons. The batteries internal resistance regulates how many electrons can flow to the positive terminal.
In a serial arrangement, the voltages add up. In a parallel arrangement, the currents add up.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/battery.htm
Flywheels store rotational energy generated from a motor or perhaps a waterfall, and is released in an operational process is needed. Once the wheel is moving it takes small amounts of energy to keep it moving, while being able to release a large force when an operational process is engaged.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheels
d. Solve problems using mathematical concepts related to power and energy (e.g., Ohm's law,
Pascal's law, moment of inertia, time, distance, velocity).
http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/ohms-law/ohms-law_en.html
http://webphysics.davidson.edu/physlet_resources/bu_semester1/c23_pressu...
Pascal's Principle is that pressure applied to an enclosed liquid transfers undiminished to all parts of the liquid. ie a hydraulic lift.
e. Apply concepts of power and energy to analyze a variety of technological systems
(e.g., mechanical, fluid, electrical, thermal).

0002 Systems (SMR 2.2)

a. Understand safety principles, safety regulations, and safety engineering.
When we rely on power and energy to drive our daily activities, it is essential to design for safety when the power stops working. Such as an elevator. It is a safety regulation that an elevator must be attached to an emergency back-up power system in the event of power loss. Safety engineering consists of a system that will automatically reroute power from the grid, or primary source, to the emergency system seamlessly.
b. Describe and analyze systems that convert energy from one form to another (e.g., engines,
generators, actuators).
An engine converts fossile fuel energy, which are burned, and converted into mechanical energy by driving pistons in a cylinder. The pistons turn a shaft which transfer some of the released energy to operational processes such as turning the wheels of a car.
A generator turns mechanical energy into electrical energy.(the inverse is an electric motor). The source of the mechanical energy might be a water fall, a cumbustion engine, a steam turbine, human energy, etc. When the generator is turned, the electrons in the windings are forced to flow through an external electric circuit.
an actuator is a mechanical device that is used for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. ex. a belt and wheel when turned will move anything it is attached to, such as another wheel.
c. Describe components and analyze characteristics of power control systems (e.g., brakes,
valves, switches, circuit breakers).
d. Understand power transmission systems (e.g., gears, cams, parallel and series circuits,
pulleys, pumps).
a cam turns rotational energy into linear energy, like a push/pull movement. a cam is an oblong or accentric piece that is rotating on perhaps a shaft. As the protruding part moves around, it strikes another piece and pushes it linearly.
a serial curcuit is when all components, such as lightbulbs, are connect one after another, to an energy supply. All of the components have to be functioning inorder to complete the circuit. The Current is the same throughout all the components, but the voltage is distributed evenly among all the components. If 4 light bulbs are connected in series to a 6v battery, then the current is the same, but the voltage for each bulb is 1.5v.
A parallel circuit is when each component has it's own circuit to the power source. If one component burns out, all other components still function. In parallel the same voltage is applied to each component.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuit
e. Demonstrate knowledge of the architecture and infrastructure associated with land, sea,
aerospace, and intermodal transportation systems (e.g., rapid transit, shipping lanes,
highways, locks, flight patterns).

0003 Resources (SMR 2.3)

a. Demonstrate an understanding of renewable (e.g., solar, wind, biomass) and nonrenewable
(e.g., fossil, nuclear, chemical) energy sources.
b. Demonstrate an understanding of the uses and properties of materials (e.g., fuels, lubricants,
conductors).
c. Demonstrate an understanding of a variety of power and energy tools and equipment
(e.g., multimeter, torque wrench, dynamometer).
Toque wrench is used to measure a specific amount of tightening or torque on a nut and bolt. The wrench is designed to indicate or mechanically stop adding torque at a given measurement.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque_wrench

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION (SMR Domain 3)

Candidates demonstrate an understanding of the knowledge and skills needed to design, analyze, use,
and maintain a variety of communication systems. They demonstrate an understanding of how
information systems encode, transmit, receive, decode, and store data. Candidates understand
principles of graphic communication and use appropriate graphic tools to communicate visually. They
apply knowledge of circuits and their components to electronic communication systems.

0004 Design Processes (SMR 3.1)

a. Demonstrate an understanding of design documentation (e.g., blueprints, mock-ups,
storyboards, schematics).
b. Apply practical design concepts (i.e., form and function) to solve problems in
communication.
c. Understand computer design (e.g., hardware, software).
d. Demonstrate an understanding of drawing and drafting principles (e.g., lettering, multiview
drawing, dimensioning).

0005 Systems (SMR 3.2)

a. Apply knowledge of imaging and image production (e.g., photographic, electronic, print).
b. Analyze characteristics of telecommunication systems.
c. Analyze characteristics of broadcast communication systems.
d. Understand processes (e.g., preproduction, production, distribution) for developing
multimedia systems.

0006 Resources (SMR 3.3)

a. Demonstrate an understanding of the materials (e.g., media, electronic components), tools
(e.g., test equipment, software, hand tools), and equipment (e.g., hardware, imaging
equipment) used in information and communication systems.
b. Understand strategies for the effective use of information resources (e.g., data banks,
subject matter experts, search engines).
c. Demonstrate an understanding of communication systems architecture and infrastructure
(e.g., analog systems, digital systems, mainframes, client servers, network architecture).
d. Understand criteria for the selection of appropriate materials, tools, and equipment used in
information and communication systems.

0007 Security and Privacy (SMR 3.4)

a. Understand physical security systems (e.g., locks, access control, motion detectors,
surveillance, intrusion detection).
b. Understand electronic security systems (e.g., access and permissions, passwords, user IDs,
roles of administrators and end users, encryption).
c. Demonstrate an understanding of principles related to security compliance procedures (e.g.,
personal responsibility, job function, need-to-know basis, ethical and legal).

PROJECT AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT (SMR Domain 4)

Candidates demonstrate an understanding of product development and how to plan, manage, and
produce manufacturing and construction systems. Candidates understand the resources and processes
needed to safely use a variety of processes to design, produce, maintain, and evaluate products.
Candidates demonstrate an understanding of the requirements and constraints in the engineering design
process and the systems approach to manufacturing and construction enterprises. Candidates
understand issues associated with quality management and quality control, including statistical tools.

0008 Engineering Principles (SMR 4.1)

a. Understand the project and product design process (e.g., needs assessment, product
analysis, prototyping, production design, design for manufacturing).
b. Understand safety principles, safety regulations, and safety engineering.
c. Understand a variety of mathematical concepts and applications (e.g., measurement,
tolerance, financial calculations) for product development.
d. Understand principles of data collection, communication, and analysis (e.g., sampling,
graphical representations, statistical measures).

0009 Manufacturing and Construction Processes (SMR 4.2)

a. Understand processes involved in manufacturing (e.g., casting, forming, shaping, finishing,
assembling, packaging).
b. Understand project (e.g., building trades, multimedia, transportation) construction
processes.
c. Understand manufacturing and construction codes, regulations, and industry guidelines
(e.g., OSHA, zoning, building codes, Environmental Impact Reports).
d. Understand the role of research and development in manufacturing and construction
enterprises.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development
e. Understand operations management (e.g., cost estimation, decision making, capacity
planning).

0010 Resources (SMR 4.3)

a. Demonstrate an understanding of the proper identification, selection, use, and maintenance
of tools and equipment (e.g., hand tools, power tools, measurement instruments).
b. Demonstrate an understanding of the identification, selection, and use of materials
(e.g., wood, metals, plastics, composites, polymers).
Materials are selected for their different properties. Wood is selected for framing houses in California because of their strength to weight ration, elasticity for seismic loads, and it's low cost. Wood is not neccessarily the best material in each category, but the combined factors make it the most practical and affordable option for general construction. ex. a house biuld from steel and concrete construction would will out perform a wood structure house in extreme conditions, but the cost if prohibitive for the average person and therefore is not used as readily.
Materials are selected to meet various requirements in the engineering spec. if the spec calls for a window from which one is shieding themselves from a dangerous mechanical process, the material chosen would need ot be durable, and if broken, should pose the least risk to the user. ex. saftey glass on an automobile when broken in the event of an accident, will shatter into uniform small square pieces that are less dangerous than regular glass which would shatter in sharp irregular shapes.
c. Demonstrate an understanding of the supply chain and its components (e.g., vendors, just-
in-time).
0011 Quality Assurance (SMR 4.4)
a. Understand principles and procedures of product testing (e.g., source, in-process, final
inspection).
b. Demonstrate an understanding of strategies for obtaining and responding to customer
feedback.
customer feedback can from from mail in surveys, customer calling hotlines, website forums. response to customer feedback can be in the form of online knowledge bases, call centers, email blasts, it can even come in the form of press conferences, or advertising.
c. Demonstrate knowledge of the development and purpose of industry standards such as
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
The IEEE was created in 1963 when Institute of Radio Engineers(IRE) and American Institute for Electrial Engineers(AIEE) merged becuase of too much competition between them. The members of standards bodies develop technical standards (such as 802.11 wireless or "wi-fi" in IEEE), publish them through the organization. The governing structures of standards bodies are the process through which one can navigate in order to bring new technical standards, and therefore products, to the market.
The IEEE is criticized by the free software movement in particular for it's use of copyright, which often is part of technical specs being published. The free software movement's purpose is the converse of copyrighting computer code.
http://www.ieee.org/index.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE
d. Understand the principles of total quality management (TQM).
Total Quality Management is a management strategy coined by W. Edwards Deming. Deming's work influenced the founders of Toyota which quickly out-performed it's American competitor, Ford. Parts build in Japan and America from the same engineering spec could be compared with the japanese part always coming closer to the nominal values in the spec.
The goal of TQM is to reduce the number of errors in production(1 per 1 million units produced) and process. stream line supply chain. maintain technological advantage in process machines and give highest level of training to workers.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_quality_management
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Edwards_Deming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Production_System
The TQM model's dominance is thought by some to b surpassed by Motorola USA's management model called Six Sigma.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Sigma
e. Identify principles and strategies of change management (e.g., software version numbers,
building codes, change orders).